謝孟媛中級文法18 否定
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9t3Kfx8Grw
1. not 的用法
1.1.1 我的上司沒告訴我要穿牛仔褲
My boss didn't tell me to wear jean.
1.1.2 我的上司告訴我不要穿牛仔褲
My boss tell me not to wear jean.
1.2. Dave 是澳洲人，不是奧地利人
Dave is an Australian, not an Austrian.
[補充] Australian 重音第二音節，Austrian 重音第一音節
1.3. 我在街上遇到他，而不是在辦公室
I met him on the street, not at the office.
[補充] office 前的介系詞，可用at 和 in
1.4. 她愛他不是因為他長得帥，而是他很體貼
She loves him not because he is handsome, but because he is warmhearted.
[補充] because 後面的主詞+動詞不可省略
2. no 的用法
2.1. 我沒有人可依賴 = 我沒有可以依靠的人
I didn't have any one to count on.
= I have no one to depend on. [後面這句較常用]
[補充] not a/an/any = no, 這裡 any one = any person
[補充] 不定詞可以把名詞修飾得更清楚
[補充] depend on = count on
2.2 任何學生都不准進這房間
No students are allowed to enter the room.
2.3 任何人都不准進這房間
Nobody is allowed to enter the room.
[補充] No 後面可接複數名詞，也可接單數名詞
2.4.1 他不是天才 He is not a genius.
2.4.2 他絕不是天才 He is no genius.
[補充] no 比 not 語氣種
[自練] 我絕不是騙子 I'm no liar.
[自練] 他絕不是小偷 He is no thief.
3. never
位置，在be動詞後，在一般動詞前，在助動詞和一般動詞中間
3.1撒哈拉沙漠絕不會下雪
It never snows in the Sahara Desert.
[補充] desert 重音在第一音節，名詞:沙漠，形容詞:無人的]
[補充] 無人島：desert island
[補充] desert 重音在第二音節，動詞:遺棄
[補充] 一個字有兩種發音，發音較重的是動詞
[補充] dessert 重音在第二音節，名詞:點心
[補充] It's raining cats and dogs. 現在正下傾盆大雨
3.2 你不該晚上一個人散步
You should never walk alone at night.
[補充] take a walk = walk = go for a walk
4. 否定字 hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom
4.1 他的成功幾乎是不可能的
His success is hardly possible.
4.2 那個受傷的小孩幾乎不能行走
That injured child could scarcely walk.
[補充] 幾乎不可以用 hardly也可用 scarcely
4.3 我很少聽古典音樂
I rarely listen to classical music.
4.4 英國很少贏得世界盃，是嗎?
England has seldom won the World Cup, has it?
[補充] 反問與前面敘述相反，seldom是否定，附加問句要用肯定
5. few / little
[few = not many; little = not much]
5.1 幾乎沒有人對他的答案感到滿意
Few (people) are satisfied with his answer.
[補充] 片語 be satisfied with,
[補充] 我很滿意 I'm satisfied.
5.2 他對數學沒甚麼興趣
He showed little interest in math.
[補充] 這句用 showed、had、took 都可以。
