2015年8月31日 星期一

謝孟媛中級文法28 → 及物之連綴動詞第四型

謝孟媛中級文法28 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWIwlY_glT8

第一類連綴動詞:表示狀態
第二類連綴動詞:狀態的變化
第三類連綴動詞:用於表示「似乎...」
第四類連綴動詞: 用於表示「...起來」

例句2
She seems to be an American.
例句3
She appears to know nothing about it.
✽注意: S + seem/appear 後面只能是
      1.  形容詞
      2.  不定詞 ( to + V)
      3.  that 引導子句 ( that + S + V)

第四類連綴動詞: 用於表示「...起來」
這類動詞常見的有:feel, smell, look, sound, taste

例句1:(冰摸起來又硬又冷)
Ice feels hard and cold.
✽注意:feel 除了譯成感覺,有時也譯成摸起來

例句2:(這花聞起來很香)
This flower smells very sweet.
✽注意:sweet除了甜,形容花香也用這形容詞

例句3:(這藥嘗起來很苦)
This medicine tastes bitter.
✽注意:medicine(藥的總稱是不可數名詞)
✽注意:吃藥(服藥)的動詞是 take medicine
✽注意:舌頭嚐起來的味道都可以用動詞 taste
✽注意:taste 動詞後面常有的形容詞包括
        酸(sour)、甜(sweet)、苦(bitter)、鹹(salty)

◎諺語:葡萄未熟才酸,人無知才自大
Unripe grapes taste sour, ignorance brings about conceit.

● 自習:這湯很鹹 
→ This soup tastes really salty.
● 自習:優格有股酸味 
→ Yogurt has a sour taste.

✽注意:用於表示「...起來」連綴動詞
  1. 「...起來」連綴動詞 + 形容詞
  2. 「...起來」連綴動詞後面 + like + 名詞
  3. 疑問代名詞 + 「...起來」連綴動詞 + like

例句1:(...看起來如何?)
How does the little tiger look?
→ It looks cute.

例句2:(...看起來像甚麼?)
What does the little tiger look like?
→ It looks like a cat.

補充:(問今天天氣如何?)
How is the weather?
= What is the weather like?

✽注意:feel 用法,可用於三種狀況
  1. 「摸起來像...」:feel like + 名詞
  2. 「想要...    」:feel like + 名詞/動名詞
     (上面的1.和2.的 like 是介係詞)
     用於表示「想要...」的句型有三種,
     例如:我想要看電影
           I want to see a movie.
         = I would like to see a movie.
         = I feel like seeing a movie.
         前兩句後面接不定詞,第三句接動名詞
     例句:我就是不想要。(用於不想接受建議、邀約)
           I don't feel like it.
  3. 某人「漸漸覺得...」:be feeling + 形容詞

例句1:這東西摸起來像毛皮
It feel like fur.


例句2:我現在不想去散步
I don't feel like taking a walk now.


例句3:服藥後,我漸漸覺得好多了
After taking medicine, I'm feeling much better.
= After I took medicine, I'm feeling much better.

翻譯練習 1:它們在我拍的照片裡看起來很生動(lively)
→ They look very lively in the picture(s) which I took.

✽注意:陳述事實用現在式表達就可以了
✽注意:位置的順序,先講位置再講位置修飾語
        在我拍的照片→ 先講照片,再講我拍的
✽注意:我拍的→ 翻譯時要譯成:形容詞子句
✽注意:字尾是 ~ly,可能是:副詞、形容詞、名詞
        形容詞如:lively, friendly, daily(每天的)
        名詞如:daily(日報)

● 自習:你摘的櫻桃(吃起來)很甜
→ These cherries taste sweet which you picked.

● 自習:我們老師講的故事很有趣
→ Those stories sound funny which my teacher told.

謝孟媛中級文法29 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DmDQaXq5W8

翻譯練習 2:都市中空氣汙染的問題已經變得越來越嚴重
→ The problem of air pollution in cities has become more and more serious.

● 自習:如果全球暖化加劇,北極熊可能會絕種
→ Polar bears will probably be extinct if global warming becomes worse.