謝孟媛中級文法35 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RBCsjRnZnPw
3. 比較級
3.1 ~比較級 than (比、更)
3.1.1 例句：狗比貓更聰明
→ Dogs are cleverer than cats.
= A dog is cleverer than a cat.
✽注意：非特定的群組，可用單數也可用複數
3.1.2 例句：她英文說得比我好
→ She can speak English better than I (can).
= She can speak English better than me.
✽注意：than 後面可以用主格或受格
✽注意：說某種語言用 speak
✽注意：說謊、說故事用 tell
3.2 ~ the 比較級 + of the two (或 twin、parents)(兩者中較~)
3.2 例句：這把吉他是兩把中較好的
→ This quitar is the better of the two.
✽注意：比較級通常之前不加 the，只有在比較範圍限制在兩者中。
3.2.1 例句：這把吉他是三把中最好的
→ This quitar is the best of the three.
✽注意：最高級前面必加 the
3.3 強調比較級
3.3.0 強調比較級的字：much, even, a lot, a little...等
3.3.1 例句：他家比我家大得多
→ His house is much larger than mine.
✽注意：容量大用 large，體積大用 big，定一包大薯條用 large
✽注意：這句裡形容房子可用 large 也可用 big
3.3.2 例句：你在大城市裡將可找到比在小鎮裡多更多的遊樂場
→ You will find many more amusements in big cities than in small towns.
✽注意：這句裡 more amusements是 many amusements的比較級
✽注意：強調 more amusements 用 many，因為amusement 可數
3.4 ~ less 原級 than (比 ~ 較不 ~)
✽注意：劣等比較用原級
3.4.1 例句：搭公車去不如搭計程車貴
→ Going by bus is not as expensive as going by taxi.
= Going by taxi is more expensive than going by bus.
= Going by bus is less expensive than going by taxi.
✽注意：less 譯作：較不~
謝孟媛中級文法36 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zzfi5eUaXJg
3.4.2 例句：比起米飯，泡麵較不營養
→ Instant noodles are less nutritious than rice.
✽注意：noodle 可數，但正常狀況吃都是複數
✽注意：速食麵是：instant noodles
快速供餐(速食餐)：fast food
3.5 省略 than + 對象
3.5.1 例句：今年我必須更努力學英文，因為我是個三年級學生了
→ I have to study English harder this year because I am a third year student.
✽注意：三年級用 third year student，絕不可用 three year
不論小學、中學都可用
✽注意：這裡的 harder 是修飾 study 的比較級副詞
✽注意：這裡對象都是同樣一個人，所以不用 than
3.5.2 例句： 為什麼你不用一把比較銳利的刀子
→ Why don't you use a sharper knife?
✽注意：這裡 sharper 是跟手上那把比較，但不用再用 than
3.6 more ~ than ~ (譯作：與其 ~ 不如 ~)
3.6.1 例句： 她與其說是生氣不如說是難過
→ She was more sad than angry.
✽注意：不管單音節或多音節的形容詞，在此都加 more
✽注意：既然有 more，後面單音節不可在加 er
3.6.2 例句：與其說是稱讚不如說是討好
→ It is more flettery than praise.
3.7 比較級 and 比較級 (譯作：越來越~、漸漸~)
3.7.1 例句：天色越來越暗 = 天色漸漸變暗
→ It's getting darker and darker.
3.7.2 例句：大學入學考變得越來越難
→ Entrance exams are becomin more and more difficult.
3.8 the 比較級 ~ the 比較級 (譯作：越 形容詞A 越 形容詞B)
3.8.1 例句：年紀漸大，記憶漸差
→ The older we grow, the weaker our memory becomes.
3.8.2 例句：我們越常在一起，越快樂 (出自童謠，當我們同在一起)
→ The more we get together, the happier will be.
3.8.3 例句：我等越久越沒耐心
→ The longer I waited, the less patient I became.
3.8.4 例句：你有越多時間，就能做越多工作
→ The more time you have, the more work you can do.
3.8.5 例句：多多益善
→ The more, the better.
3.9 all the 比較級 for + 名詞 / because + S + V
3.9.1 例句：因為誠實我們更尊敬他
→ We repect him (all) the more for his honesty.
= We repect him (all) the more because he's honest.
✽注意：the more 是修飾 repect 的副詞比較級
3.9.2 例句：因為她是個母親，工作更賣力
→ She works all the harder because she is a mother.
3.9.3 例句：雖然他成為一個父親，他並沒有比較努力工作
→ He worked none the harder because he became a father.
3.10 much less ~ 更不用說 ~
3.10.1 例句：我不喜歡數學更不用說物理
→ I don't like mathematics, much less physics.
✽注意：mathematics 雖字尾有 s，但只一個科目，動詞用單數
Mathematics is not hard.
Physics is harder than mathematics.
3.10.2 例句：這老人無法走更別說跑
The old man can't even walk, much less run.
3.11 有比較級含意的字，不能用比較級，後面介係詞用 to
superior to ~(譯作：優秀)
inferior(譯作：劣於)、senior to ~
junior, major, minor、prior, posterior
✽注意：my inferiors (譯作：我的下屬、我的晚輩)
✽注意：junior high school 國中
✽注意：senior high school 高中
3.11.1 例句：他比我大五歲
→ He is five years older than I (am).
= He is five years older than me.
= He is five years senior to me.
= He is senior to me by five years.
3.12 prefer(譯作：比較喜歡)，是動詞後面接動名詞
prefer Ving to Ving
3.12 例句：我比較喜歡運動，甚於看運動比賽
→ I prefer playing sports to watching them.
3.13 more or less (譯作：多多少少)，修飾形容詞的副詞
3.13 例句：我們猜測多多少少是對的
→ Our guess was more or less correct.
3.14 sooner or later (譯作：遲早)，副詞可獨立
3.14 例句：遲早你會找到你失蹤的孩子
→ Sooner or later you'll find your missing child.
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